有關珊瑚的~能否幫忙翻譯一下~

The D1 and D2 sequences of the LSU rDNA were alignedmanually to the 294 homologous gene fragments from Symbiodiniumspp. available in GenBank. All redundant

identical se-13532 _ www.pnas.org_cgi_doi_10.1073_pnas.0402907101 Tchernov et al.quences were removed from the alignment

which resulted in a finalDNA matrix containing 84 sequences and 556 nucleotide sites (297parsimony informative characters). Hierarchical likelihood ratiotests were applied to our data set to select the most appropriateDNA substitution model: a general time-reversible model consideringthe proportion of invariant sites as well as rate heterogeneityamong sites (_-shaped distribution

__ 1.2581) (16). Phylogenetictrees were inferred by using Bayesian (1 million MCMC generations

substitution model parameters _ GTR_G_I)

maximumlikelihood(substitution model parameters _ TIM_G_I)

andneighbor-joining (substitution model parameters _ Tamura andNei_G) statistics with MRBAYES

PAUP*

and LINTREE

respectively(17

18). To give a time dimension to our tree

the 13 consensus

highly resolved clades (thick branches in the tree of Fig. 4) weretested for molecular clock deviation by using relative rate tests (20)

with clade A used as an outgroup. None of the LSU rDNASymbiodinium clades evolve significantly faster than others (thresholdrisk for 12 clades and 66 tests

P _ 0.08%). Consequently

weused LINTREE to infer a clock-enforced

linearized tree (see Fig. 4)

which was calibrated in time by a ‘‘dinoflagellate’’ rate of LSUrDNA substitution based on a previously published DNA–fossilcomparative data set (19).Fig. 1. Effects of elevated temperatures on the structure of thylakoid membranes in zooxanthellae. Transmission electron micrographs of thin sections ofSymbiodinium spp. isolated from Tridacna spp. [Provasoli–Guillard National Center for Culture of Marine Phytoplankton (CCMP) (West Boothbay Harbor

ME)no. 828] (A and B)

the sea anemone Aiptasia sp. (CCMP no. 831) (C and D)

the coral M. samarensis (E)

and the coral S. pistillata (F). Samples were incubatedat 26°C (A and C) and 32°C (B and D–F). All cultures were grown in F2 medium (36) under a 1212-h lightdark cycle. The corals were grown in a closed systemsupported by a biological filtration system under a 1014-h lightdark cycle. Note the degradation of the thylakoid membranes within the plastids of the heatsensitive strains.
LSU rDNA的D1和D2系列被GenBank利用可能的Symbiodinium spp按294個皖K源的遺傳基因片斷手動排列了。

由於全部的多餘

同樣的se__13532_www.pnas.org管路氣中供電_doi10.1073_pnas.0402907101Tchernov其他的quences從排列被取下了。

(那個

帶來了含84系列和556核?酸站點(297不吉有益的字符)的最終的DNA矩陣)。

階層性的優秀度比審定是為了選最恰當的DNA代替模型被我們的data set適用了的做: 站點(_形式的分配

__1.2581)(16)中的比率的異種性和考慮同樣鱉u變的站點的比例的一般的時間可兩面用的模型。

系統樹

根據beizu流(100萬MCMC世代

代替模型parameter_GTR_G_I)

使用maximumlikelihood(代替模型parameter_TIM_G_I)

跟MRBAYES

PAUP*(代替的模型parameter_田村和婦負_G)統計

和與鄰人同樣地連接LINTREE的事

奉　s(17

被18)推論。

為了我們的樹

給(對)13意見一致給予

非愁B決心的clades(圖4樹厚的分枝)根據使用是不是沒有分子表越出相對的速度試驗(20)的事

試驗被做了

clade A作為「皖　小組」被使用的狀態時間的尺寸。

(是LSU rDNA Symbiodiniumclades的全都自其他的東西快地相當不發展12clades和為了66的門檻皖。

險試驗被做

P_0.08％)。

「那個結果

我們

用表被實施

linearized被做了的推論參照樹(圖4)使用了LINTREE。

(樹在時間內、`LSU rDNA代替的`旋渦鞭毛蟲類」速度以前發行了8211的DNA和#給奠定基礎的;化石的比較data set(根據19)